阻燃剂的应用与研究进展

Usage and Development of Flame Retardant

阐述了阻燃材料与阻燃剂得以推广应用并迅速发展的主要原因 ;分析了应用于阻燃材料中的卤系、有机磷系、磷—氮系 (又称膨胀型 )或有机硅系等不同类型阻燃剂的阻燃特性及其适用范围 ;重点探讨了膨胀型阻燃剂的阻燃机理和阻燃特性 ,并介绍了相关产品的发展动向。为克服卤系阻燃剂的不足和提高环保效果 ,无卤、高效、低烟、低毒新型阻燃剂合成及其阻燃技术的研究是当今高分子阻燃材料的发展方向 ,特别是膨胀型阻燃剂和有机硅系阻燃剂的开发与应用将成为 2 1世纪阻燃剂最活跃的研究领域之一。

Main reasons why flame retardant materials and flame retardants are widely used and rapidly developed are reviewed.The flame retarding characteristics and applicable area are analyzed for the flame retardant materials,such as halogen systems, organic phosphorus systems, phosphorus nitrogen systems (intumescent flame retardants) and organic silicate systems. Particular attention is focused on retarding mechanism and retarding characteristics of the intumescent flame retardants and their development. To overcome drawbacks of the halogen flame retardant systems and improve their environment effects, some new non halogen, low smoke,low toxic, and high efficient flame retardants and flame retarding technique are being developed, and it is considered that the research and development of intumescent flame retardants and organic silicate retardant systems will be one of the hottest research field in the 21st century.