温度、盐度、铜、氨对对虾仔虾(Penaues orientalis K)和光滑河兰蛤(Potamocorbula laevis)的影响

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE,SALINITY, COPPER AND AMMONIA ON PRAWN POSTLARVAE AND CLAM

在室内模拟条件下,进行了热冲击及其与盐度、铜、氨联合对对虾仔虾和光滑河兰蛤的急性影响研究。结果表明,两种动物的起始致死温度(TL_(50))和最高临界温度(CTM)随驯化温度的升高而增大;随盐度的降低,仔虾的耐高温能力明显降低,而兰蛤对盐度变化反应不明显;高温明显提高铜、氨对仔虾的毒性。也提高铜对兰蛤的毒性,但降低氨对兰蛤的毒性影响。仔虾对高温、低盐、铜离子及非离子氨反应敏感。

The acute effects of thermal shock and combine action, of temperature, salinity, copper and ammonia on survival of prawn postlarvae (Penaeus orientals K. ) and clam (Potamocorbula laevis) were investigated by static procedure. The results showed that both incipient lethal temperature (TL50) and critical temperature maximum (CTM) increased as the acclimation temperature increased. The TL50 value for prawn larvae dropped dramatically from 35.2℃ to 21.7℃ when the salinity of solution decreased form 34.47% to 5.97%. Not much change was observed for TL50 of clam at same time. The thermal shock increased the toxicities of copper and ammonia to prawn larvae significantly while the high temperature increased copper but reduced ammonia toxicities to clam.