贵州普定后寨河流域土壤侵蚀模型与应用研究

Investigation of Land Erosion Model of Houzhaihe Catchment in Puding, Guizhou and Its Application

在典型岩溶区 ,由于喀斯特的强烈发育 ,自然条件差 ,加上人为因素的不良影响(毁林开荒、乱砍滥伐等 ) ,水土流失问题十分严重。随着遥感 (RemoteSensing)技术的飞跃发展 ,计算机技术的普遍应用 ,特别是近年来地理信息系统 (GIS)研究的迅速发展与应用 ,使土壤侵蚀研究从土壤侵蚀类型、分类、侵蚀地貌、侵蚀模数等定性、定量研究深入到潜在危害的研究阶段。本文是在前人研究工作的基础上 ,以普定后寨河岩溶流域 (普定岩溶野外试验场 )为研究区 ,利用遥感 (RS)和地理信息系统 (GIS)技术建立起适合于岩溶流域使用的土壤侵蚀定量模型 ,并在PAMAPGIS的支持下 ,探讨了利用遥感信息、GIS自动提取土壤侵蚀因子 ,最后得到流域实际的土壤侵蚀图、潜在的土壤侵蚀图等一系列图件 。

In typical karst area, the problems of water and soil loss are by far serious, for weak natural conditions and man_made adverse effect (breaking down for forest and reclaiming heath). With the stride development of RS (Remote Sensing) and the use of computers techniques, especially the swift development and universal application of GIS, the study of the water and soil loss has been made from quality to quantum that refer to erosion type, classification, morphology and module, as well as study of underlying hazard. In this article, Houzhaihe karst catchment of Puding has been selected as the test site in this study, based on predecessor's works, the quantitative model suitable to karst catchment have been established by RS and GIS techniques. With the support of the PAMAPGIS technology and RS information, the factors of water soil loss are automatically attained in GIS, thereby the actual and latent maps of water and soil loss has been made. [