方回降元之文化诠释

Cultural Annotation about Fang Hui's Surrounding to Yuan Dynasty

阐释方回降元的文化依据。以历史考证与文化分析相结合的方法，揭示宋元之际文人降元的深层次原因。周密以“人品卑污”评价方回降元，于史实不符。把方回为自己辩白的理由与时势背景相联系，说明支配传统文人政治行为的儒家处世原则，存在着内在矛盾。从方回降元前后的心态变化，可以看出：由宋入元的士大夫文人所具有的循规蹈矩、进退失据的文化心态。方回降元是陈腐的南宋文化的必然结果。

This article expounds the cultural basis about Fang Hui's surrendering to Yuan Dynasty. According to the way,which combines both textual criticism of history and cultural analysis, it discovers the deep reason why literati surrendered to Yuan Dynasty from song dynasty to Yuan Dynasty. zhou, Mi regards Fang Hui surrendering reason as:' Moral character is despicable.' but his recommendation is not correct because of disaccord with historical facts. After linking Fang Hui own's pleading for his behavior with current situation back ground in that time, We can see the Confucian principal of dealing with affair dominated traditional literati's political action. it exist the intrinsic Conflict. Form Fang. Hui's psychology change when he surrendered to Yuan Dynasty, it can illustrate cultural psychology of the noble and literati from song dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, which is following rules without valid sense of principle to participate politics. Therefore, the phenomenon of Fang, Hui's case is an inevitable result of Nan Song stale culture.