“华北型”煤田岩溶水害及防治现状

Inundation in the North-China Type Coalfields and the Status Quo of its Protection

“华北型”煤田的开采普遍受到煤层底板岩溶承压水的威胁,近年来,煤田岩溶水害的机理研究取得突破性进展,认为岩溶裂隙水网络是发生突水的物质基础,隔水层的岩石力学性质及厚度是突水的制约因素,断裂构造是突水的关键因素,采矿活动是突水的诱发因素;在水害防治方面,采用疏水降压、注浆改造、帷幕截流等技术方法,取得了明显的技术效果。本文旨在介绍水害现状,分析探讨治理对策,为治理煤田水害提供参考。

The floor Karst water always threatens coal mining of the North-China type coalfields. In recent years great breakthroughs have been made in the study of the mechanism of the water inrush. It is believed that karst fissure networks are the basis for the water inrush, the lithomechanical characteristics and thickness of the aquicludes are the restricting factors, faults are the key element and the coal mining activity is an inducing factor. In the protection of water inrush, techniques, such as drainage to lower water pressure, injection of mud into aquifers and damming water with curtains, have been used successively. This paper introduces the status quo of protection and measures against inundation, which may provide guidance for harnessing the inundation in coal mines.