旱地小麦品种筛选鉴定及其形态特征探讨

Study on selecting and identifing method andcharacteristics of dryland wheat varieties

通过 1 8 a对旱地小麦品种筛选鉴定方法的研究与实践 ,参考国内外学者的经验 ,提出在区域化试验鉴定的基础上 ,采用田间直接鉴定与干旱棚鉴定、实验室鉴定相结合的抗旱性鉴定方法。并归纳出一套以抗旱性指数为主 ,结合株高、穗下节长、穗粒数、千粒重的敏感系数等形态指标及根系活力、细胞膜透性、叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量等生理生化指标体系 ,对小麦品种的抗旱性进行综合评判分析。同时对旱地小麦品种的地上部和地下部形态特征也进行了探讨。

Based on 18 years' study and practice on the method of the sifting and identificetion of dryland wheat varieties, a complete and scientific method of sifting and identifing dryland wheat varieties were put forward. The paper pointed out that based on the regional test identification, field identification, water proof sheld identifiation and laboratorying identification should be combined in identifying dryland wheat varieties. The paper set a scientific indexs system that can be used in evaluating and analysing the drought resistance of dryland wheat. The system include morphological indexs such as drought resistance index, length of internode below spike, sensitive cofficient of kernels per spike and 1 000 kernels weight, as well as physiological indexes such as root vatality, cell membrane permeability, leaf relative water content and chlorophy content. The morphological characteristcs of dryland wheat varieties were also studied.