安康耕地土壤速效钾现状与钾肥效应

Quick-acting Potassium Status of Farmland in Ankeng and Effects of Adding Potassium

土壤普查 14年后 ,安康川道和中高山区作物出现缺钾症面积不断增大。对此 ,我们对全市不同区域耕地土壤进行了调查分析 ,结果表明 :土壤速效钾与土查时相比 ,平均下降 37.0 6 m g/ kg,水稻土下降 32 .2 7mg/ kg,旱地土壤下降 34 .5 m g/ kg;速效钾 <10 0 mg/ kg的水田占 6 0 .6 8% ,旱地占 5 9.5 9% ,川道占 78% ,中高山 (镇坪、平利 )占 96 .43% ;土壤钾素下降趋势是中高山 >川道 >丘陵。钾肥试验表明 :施 1kg K2 O,水稻、小麦、玉米、薯类、油菜分别平均增产 13.83,8.1,2 6 .6 ,497.39,2 .75 kg。 5年累计示范应用钾肥 6 8.0 5万 hm2 ,累计增产粮食 2 4.2 7万 t,油菜 0 .14万 t、烟草 1.6 9万 t,补钾效益显著。

Cropland of lack of potassium is now getting larger and larger in Ankang plain and medium high mountain area since the general survey of soil conducted 14 years ago,we made a investigation on the soil of different area in Ankeng.The result indicates that the average quick acting potassium of soil has declined 37.06 mg/kg in comparison with fouteen years ago. The declining tread of potassium is medium high mountain>plain>hill.The experiment shows that the average amount of increase in production of rice,wheat,maize,yam,rape are 13.83,8.1,26.6,497.39,2.75 kg respectively through applying 1 kg K 2O.After 5 years demonstrative experiment,the total amount of increase in grain production is 242 700 t,and tobacco is 1 400 t,the effect of adding potassium is remarkable.