南澳、南澎列岛鼠形动物与体外寄生虫群落组成及分布

The Community Composition and Distribution of Murine-like Animals and Their Ectoparasites on Nanao and Nanpenglie Islands

目的 :了解南澳、南澎列岛鼠形动物及体外寄生虫种群数量、密度、组成和分布。方法 :现场采用等距法捕鼠及检取体表寄生虫 ,实验室分类、鉴定、统计。结果 :南澳岛鼠形动物种群密度为 2 3 .47% ,种类有 2目 2科 3属 7种 ,分属啮齿目鼠科 6种 ,食虫目科 1种 ,褐家鼠数量组成最高 ,占 42 .6 1% ;恙螨 2科 3属 5种 ,地里纤恙螨占 6 5 .0 9% ;革螨 1科 1属 3种 ,纳厉螨占 5 8.5 1% ;蜱 1科 2属 2种 ,粒形硬蜱占 6 5 .49% ;蚤 2科 2属 3种 ,印鼠客蚤占 6 7.77%。带虫指数和带虫率 ,恙螨以褐家鼠和社鼠较高 ,分别为 37.78和 34.38、75 .5 1%和 6 2 .5 0 % ;革螨以社鼠和针毛鼠较高 ,分别为 4.38和 4.10、75 .0 0 %和 70 .0 0 % ;蜱以白腹鼠最高 ,为 3 .5 0和 6 6 .6 7% ;蚤以小家鼠和黄胸鼠较高 ,分别为 3 .2 0和 3.0 4、80 .0 0 %和 5 3.85 %。南澎列岛鼠形动物密度为 34.5 8% ,种类分属啮齿目鼠科 2种 ,褐家鼠组成最高 ,占 95 .2 8% ;恙螨 2科 3属 3种 ,革螨 1科 1属 2种 ,蜱 1科 2属 2种 ,蚤 1科 2属 2种 ,其组成较高的分别有地里纤恙螨占 98.6 0 % ,纳厉螨 82 .6 9% ,粒形硬蜱 5 1.81% ,印鼠客蚤 6 9.70 %。结论 :南澳、南澎列岛鼠形动物及体外寄生虫数量大 ,其优势种群均分别为褐家鼠、地里纤恙螨、?

Objective: To ascertain the number, density, composition, distribution of murine-like animals and their ectoparasites on Nanao and Nanpenglie Islands. Methods: Murine-like animals were traped and theirs parasites were collected in equidistance method, and classify, identification, statistics. Results: On the Nanao Island, the density of murine-like animals was 23.47 %, they consisted of 7 species belonging to 3 genera, 2 families and 2 orders, 6 species belonging to Muridae of Rodentia, 1 species belonging to Soricidae of Insectivora, the proportion of Rattus flavipectus was 42.61 %, the parasitic chiggers consisted of 5 species belonging to 3 genera, 2 families and Leptoerombidium diliense was 65.09 %, gamasid mites consisted of 3 species belonging to 1 genera, 1 family and Laelaps muttalli was 58.51 %, ticks consisted of 2 species belonging to 2 genera, 1 family and Ixodes granulatus was 65.49 %, fleas consisted of 3 species belonging to 2 genera, 2 families and Xenopsylla cheopis was 67.77 %; as far as the parasite carrying index and carryying rate were conceried, chiggers mainly affected R.norvegicus and R.confucianus, theirs were 37.78 and 34.38 , 75.51 % and 62.50 %, gamasid mites mainly affected R.confucianus and R.fulvescens, theirs were 4.38 and 4.10 , 75.00 % and 70.00 %, ticks mainly affected R.coxingi, was 3.50 and 66.67 %, fleas mainly affected Mus musculus and R.flavipectus , theirs were 3.20 and 3.04 , 80.00 % and 53.85 %. On the Nanpenglie Islands, the density of mice was 34.58 %, they consisted of 2 species belonging to Muridae of Rodendia, the proportion of R.flavipectus was 42.61 %, the parasitic chiggers consisted of 3 species belonging to 3 genera of 2 families, gamasid mites consisted of 2 species belonging to 1 genera and family, ticks consisted of 2 species belonging to 2 genera of 1 family, the proportion of R.flavipectus,L.deliensis, L.muttalli, I.granulatus and X.cheopis were from 98.60 %, 82.69 %, 51.81 % to 69.70 %.Conclusion: On the Nanao and Nanpenglie Islands, many murine-like animals and their ectoparasites, the dominating species were L.deliensis, L.muttalli, I.granulatus and X.cheopis.