青蒿试管苗开花及用花器官为外植体诱导丛生芽生产青蒿素

FLOWERING OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L. TEST-TUBE PLANTLETS AND ARTEMISININ PRODUCTION WITH SHOOT CLUSTERS INDUCED FROM FLOWER ORGAN EXPLANTS

将培养于MS培养基上 5wk的青蒿试管苗置于光周期 13 ,光强 6 0 0 0lx ,温度为 2 6℃ (昼 )和 2 2℃ (夜 )的条件下 ,成功地诱导其开花 .利用不同发育阶段的花蕾和花器官为外植体诱导丛生芽 ,发现不同浓度 (ρ)的 6 BA对丛生芽的诱导率和青蒿素的生物合成有重要影响 .结果表明 :以花蕾为外植体诱导丛生芽的最佳培养基是 :MS附加 4.0mgL-1的 6 BA和 0 .0 5mgL-1的NAA ;但当 ρ(6 BA)在 0～ 0 .5mgL-1之间时 ,有利于青蒿素的合成 ,ρ(6 BA) =0 .5 ～ 4mgL-1时抑制青蒿素的生物合成 .丛生芽中促进青蒿素合成的最佳 ρ(6 BA)为 0 .5mgL-1.用HPLC法测定发现用此法得到的丛生芽青蒿素的含量比直接利用叶片诱导的丛生芽青蒿素含量高 1倍 .图 5表 3参 2

Test-tube plantlets grown under 16 h photoperiod for 5 weeks were transferred for six photoperiod treatments in the chamber. Under 13 photoperiod, 6 000 lx light intensity and temperature at 26℃(day) , 22℃(night), plants flowered after three weeks. Flower buds and flower organs at different development stage were used for inducing shoot clusters. It was found that different mass concentrations of 6 BA has significantly affected induction ratio and biosynthesis of artemisnin and chlorophyll. The results indicated that the optimum medium for inducing shoot clusters with flower buds was MS medium supplemented with ρ (6 BA)/4.0 mg L -1 and ρ (NAA)/0.05 mg L -1 . The 6 BA mass concentration between 0～0.5 mg L -1 was favourabe for the biosythesis of artemisinin,and that between 0.5～4.0 mg L -1 , could inhibit the biosythesis of artemisnin. The optimal ρ (6 BA) for improving the biosynthesis of artemisinin from shoot clusters was 0.5 mg L -1 .Artemisinin content was found to be 1-fold higher in flower buds shoot clusters than that in leaves shoot clusters. Fig 5, Tab 3, Ref 20