体育运动对青春期少女骨密度的影响

Effects of physical exercise on bone mineral density in girl adolescents during their puberty

目的 比较有规律和无规律的体育活动对青春期少女骨密度的影响。方法 采用双能X线骨密度测量仪 ,于观察期前后分别测量年龄在 10～ 12岁的少女运动员 (6 0名 )和普通学生 (90名 )身体多部位的骨密度 ,比较两组少女骨密度在 1年中的变化情况。结果 观察前 ,2组学生骨密度基线检查表明 ,运动员组除头部以外 ,上肢、下肢、骨盆及全身的骨密度值明显高于对照组 (0 0 6 0～ 0 12 4g/cm2 ) ;观察 1年后 ,以上 5个部位的骨密度值均为运动员组明显高于对照组 (0 0 87～ 0 187g/cm2 ) ,而且 ,骨密度变化值 (增长值 )仍为运动员组明显高于对照组 (0 0 2 7～ 0 119g/cm2 )。此外 ,两组调查对象在食物摄入频度和性征发育方面差异无显著性。

Objective To compare the effects of regular and irregular physical exercises on bone mineral density (BMD) in girl adolescents during their puberty. Methods BMD in various sites of the body was measured for 60 girl athletes and 90 primary pupils aged 10 to 12 years with dual energy X ray absorptiometry to compare its difference between them in one year. Results At the baseline measurement, BMD of the forearms, femur, pelvic and the total body, except for the skull, was significantly higher in the athletes than that in the control group (0 124 vs. 0 060 g/cm 2 ) One year after regular physical exercises, BMD in all the above five sites of the body was significantly higher in the athletes than that in the control group (0 187 vs. 0 087 g/cm 2) Increment of BMD during the year was also significantly higher in the athletes than that in the control group (0 119 vs. 0 027 g/cm 2). There was no significant difference in frequency of food intake and development of sexual character between the two groups. Conclusion Physical exercises could promotes the increase of BMD in girl adolescents during their puberty.