bcl-2和bax基因在乳腺癌中的表达及其病理特征

Expression or bcl-2 and bax gene in breast carcinoma and its pathological characteristics

目的 探讨ｂｃｌ－２和ｂａｘ基因在乳腺癌中的表达及其病理特征。方法 应用免疫组织化学方法检测５４例乳腺癌及３１例癌旁组织和８例良性乳腺病变组织标本的ｂｃｌ－２和ｂａｘ基因表达情况。结果ｂｃｌ－２蛋白在乳腺癌中的阳性表达率为５７．４％。ｂａｘ蛋白的阳性表达率为７９．６％。Ⅰ级乳腺癌的ｂｃｌ－２蛋白阳性表达率为７２．２％，Ⅱ级为６１．５％．Ⅲ级为３０％。ｂｃｌ－２蛋白各级别表达程度间无显著性差别（ｘ２＝５．８３９，ｖ＝４，Ｐ＝０．２４９６）。Ⅰ级乳腺癌的ｂａｘ蛋白阳性表达率为 １００％，Ⅱ级为 ８８．５％，Ⅲ级为 ２０％。ｂａｘ蛋白的表达程度间有显著性差异（ｘ２＝ ２７．８８９，ｖ＝４，Ｐ＜０．０００１）。ｂｃｌ－２蛋白在良性乳腺病变，癌旁组织和原位及浸润型乳腺癌４组病例中的表达阳性率之间有显著性差异（ｘ２＝２３．６９４，ｖ＝３，Ｐ＜０．０００１）；ｂａｘ蛋白在 ４组间的阳性表达率亦有差异性（ｘ２＝１０．７７２，ｖ＝３，Ｐ＝０．０１３）。结论 ｂｃｌ－２和 ｂａｘ基因在乳腺癌的发生，发展过程中起着重要的作用，并与乳腺癌细胞凋亡的调节过程有关。

Objective To detect the expression of bcl-2 and bax gene in breast carcinoma and its pathological charac- teristics. Methods Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of bcl--2 and bax gene in 54 cases of breast carcinoma, 31 cases of para--carcinoma tissues and 8 cases of benign breast diseases. Results The positive rate of bcl-2 in breast carcinoma (BC) was 57. 4 %, and the positive rate of bax in breast carcinoma was 79. 6%. The positive rates of bcl-2 in BC grad Ⅰ,BC grade Ⅱand BC grade Ⅲ were 72. 2, 61. 5% and 30% respectively. There was no sig- nificant difference of bcl--2 expression in each grade of breast carcinoma. The positive rate of bax in BC grade Ⅰ,BC grade Ⅱ and BC grade Ⅲ were 100%, 88. 5%, 20% respectively. There were significant differences of bax expression in each grade of breast carcinoma. And there were significant differences of bcl-2 and bax positive rate among benign breast diseases, para-carcinoma tissues, in situ breast carcinoma and invasive breast carcinoma. Conclusion bcl-2 and bax gene plays an important role in breast carcinoma growth and development, and relates to regulation of cell apoptosis in breast carcinoma.