骨形态发生蛋白-羟基磷灰石复合人工听小骨动物实验研究

A experimental study of ossicular prostheses of mixed bone morphogenetic protein and hydroxyapatite in animal

目的 :寻找一种生物相容性好并且能被机体骨组织替代的听骨链重建材料。方法 :用骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)复合多孔羟基磷灰石 (HA)听小骨 ,模拟在人行鼓室成形术的条件植入兔的听泡内。分别于术后 1、 2、 4、 8、12、 16周处死动物 ,取材作大体及组织病理学观察 ,了解该种新型听小骨 (BMP/ HA)的成骨效应 ,并与单纯 HA材料听小骨相比较。结果 :将 BMP/ HA听小骨植入兔听泡后 4周 ,人工听小骨表面被覆与正常粘膜结构一致的上皮细胞 ,鼓膜面周围大量间充质细胞生长 ;12周时在鼓膜与听小骨之间有软骨形成 ,16周发现有新骨生成。各时间组植入材料与听泡骨壁之间无过度纤维组织增生。对照组未见新骨生成。结果 :BMP/ HA人工听小骨是一种具有较强骨诱导能力、生物相容性良好的人工听小骨 ,作为中耳传音结构重建材料 ,有可能优于单纯羟基磷灰石人工听小骨。

Objective:The biocompatible and osteoinduction of mixed bone morphogenetic protein and hydroxyapatite (BMP/HA)were studied in middle ears of rabbits as ossicular prostheses.Methods:The biomaterial BMP/HA and HA were implanted in the middle ear of rabbits,and the specimens harvested in 2,4,8,12 and 16 weeks.The histologic appearance of those specimens were observed by light microscopy.Results:The study demonstrated that there were extensive proliferation of mesenchymal cells around the grafted materials,and those epithelial cells covering on the prostheses were rather similar to the epithelium of the normal middle ear in 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively in group of BMP/HA.Cartilage was found in 12 weeks after BMP/HA implanted into middle ears of rabbits ,and the new bone was found binding with the grafted material closely in group of BMP/HA in 16 weeks.In the group of control,the new cartilage tissue and new bone were not found.There was no evidence of inflammation reaction of foreign body in the host tissue adjacent to the BMP/HA or HA.Conclusion:BMP/HA was a biocompatible artificial bone material which had the ability of osteoinduction,and it suggested that the BMP/HA prostheses composition should be used better than use HA alone.