郑芝龙与隆武朝

Zheng Zhilong and Longwu Era

郑芝龙本是明末闽粤沿海海商海盗集团的首领 ,受抚后 ,担任福建总兵之职。他借助明廷的名号和力量 ,垄断了东南沿海的贸易。明亡后 ,明的残余势力先后在南京和福州建立福王、唐王政权。郑芝龙遂翊赞唐王 (隆武帝 ) ,统管当时全闽兵马 ,以至权倾朝野。但他拥立唐王的目的并非为了抗清复明 ,而是为了保住自己海上贸易的特权 ,故当清军大兵压境时 ,他不作任何抵抗就投降清廷。历来史家都把唐王政权的灭亡归咎于郑芝龙 ,其实是不够客观的。本文分析了唐王政权灭亡的原因 ,论述了郑芝龙辅助隆武帝抗清所起的积极作用 。

Zheng Zhilong had been the head of maritime traders and pirates group along the Fujian Guandong coast at the end of Ming Dynasty. And after surrendering to Ming royal court,he assumed office of Fujian regional commamder.Then,with the reputation and strength of Ming government, he monopolized the trades along the Southeastern coast. After the downfall of Ming Dynasty, the regimes of Fu wang and Tang wang were set up one after another in Nanjing and Fuzhou. Then Zheng Zhilong assisted the Tang wang who was named Longwu di, and supervised the army of the whole Fujian at that time. So that his power was best known outside and inside of the royal court. Nevertheless his goal of supporting Tang wang was not to resist Qing Dynasty and revent to Ming Dynasty, but to keep his privilege of the trades on sea, so he surrendered himself to the government of Qing without any riot when the Qing army came. Historians have all imputed the death of Tang wang regime to Zheng Zhilong which, in fact, is not objective enough. This thesis analysises the resons of the death of Tang wang regime, and discusses the positive role Zheng Zhilong played in supporting Longwu era,by which it hopes to evaluate Zheng Zhilong objectively.