试论中英诗歌不可互译

The Impossibility of Mutual Translation Between Chinese and English Poems

诗歌是一种文字高度集中凝炼的文学形式。在进行诗歌翻译时 ,我们要解决的不仅是文学翻译中如何运用本国语言传达外国文学作品的风格、思想的问题 ,还必须解决如何运用和原诗一样精炼的语言、巧妙的形式来传达原作的美感的问题。要把诗的美用另一种语言成功地传达 ,所涉及的不仅仅是语言的简单转换 ,即“形似” ,更为关键的是意境的复制 ,即“神似”。中英二种语言由于所属语系不同 ,在长期的发展演变中 ,逐步在文法、句式、修辞、格律等诸多方面形成各自的特点 。

Poetry is a kind of literary form with highly condensed words.When translating,we should not only try to use our native language to express the style,the thoughts and the main idea of a foreign poem,but also to express the beauty of the original with the same condensed language. Belonging to different language family,both Chinese and English languages have developed their own characteristics in grammar,syntax,rhetoric,rhyme,etc.,which leads to the impossibility of mutual translation between Chinese and English poems.