中国地壳运动观测网络

The Crustal Movement Observation Network of China

1997年底,国家重大科学工程——中国地壳运动观测网络(Crustal Movement Obser-vation Network of China,缩写为CMONOC)开始建设,整个工程在2000年底建成。中国地壳运动观测网络以监测地壳运动服务于地震预测预报为主要目标,同时兼顾大地测量和国防建设的需要。该工程由中国地震局、总参测绘局、中国科学院、国家测绘局共同承担,包括基准网、基本网、区域网、数据传输与处理分析系统四大部分。 中国地壳运动观测网络以全球卫星定位系统(GPS)观测技术为主,辅之甚长基线射电干涉测量(VLBI)和人卫激光测距(SIR)等空间技术,结合精密重力和精密水准测量,构成大范围、高精度、高时空分辩率的地壳运动监测系统。这是一个综合性、多用途、开放型、数据资源共享、全国统一的观测网络,具有连续动态监测功能。网络将从根本上改善中国对地球表层固、液、气三个圈层的动态监测方式。

From the end of 1997, a national significant scientific engineering project-the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) was started. The whole engineering has been finished at end of year 2000. The main objective of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China is to monitor crustal movement and apply to earthquake forecast, at the same time, it also considers the needs of geodesy and construction of national defense. Four major components, viz datum net, basic net, regional net and system for data transmission, data processing and data analysis were established.Taking the technique of Global Satellite Positioning System (GPS) as dominant, making very long baseline radio interferometry (VLBI) and Artificial Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) as secondary, and combining with precise gravity and leveling, the network has formed a crustal movement monitoring system with a large area, high precision and accurate space-time resolution. It is a comprehensive, multi-usable, open, data-sharing and nationwide u-nified observation network, which is capable for continuous and dynamic monitoring. The network will fundamentally improve the dynamic monitoring methods for the solid, liquid and gaseous spheres of the earth surface in China.