试论徐志摩的英雄崇拜──兼谈五四文坛的英雄崇拜热

On Xu Zhi-mo's Worship of Heroes

徐志摩的英雄崇拜大致经历三个阶段：崇拜尼采式的超人、拜伦式的自由战士，崇拜泰戈尔式的人道博爱，崇拜哈代式的反抗悲观的勇敢。其中心线索是性灵的追求，更多体现了“布尔乔亚”的色彩。五四文坛上崇拜的英雄也几乎都是外国思想文化领域中的英杰。这种英雄崇拜导致了某些现代思想和英雄行为的产生。

Xu Zhi-mo's worship of heroes has three stages: in the first stage, he worshiped supermen created by Nietzche and fighters for freedom like Byron. In the second stage he worshiped heroes created by Tagore who have human sympathy and universal love. In the third stage he worshiped heroes created by Hardy who have courage to resist pessimism. The heroes that were worshiped by writers during the May 4th Movement in China were those that were also worshiped in the Westen ideological and cultural spheres. This kind of worship has brought about certain sort of modern ideology and heroic action ever after in China.