评1930年代美国对德外交

Commentary on American Diplomacy Toward Germany in the 1930s

１９３０年代的美德关系是美欧关系的核心。这一时期的美国对德外交以 １９３７年为界分为前后两个阶段。在第一阶段，持中立立场拒绝干预德国内外事务；第二阶段，逐步背离中立原则，走到德国的对立面。从总体上看，美国对德政策具有冷漠无为的特征，它是强大的孤立主义势力、“新政”改革、美英矛盾、美国现实军力的落后和罗斯福总统的独特个性等因素综合作用的结果。

The German-American relation in the 1930s, which was the core of the Euro-American one, can be divided into two phases by the year 1937. The American policy of Germany before 1937 was to remain neutral and refuse to intervene the internal and external affairs of Germany. In the Second stage, American stance gradually changed from the neutral principle to antagonism against Germany. American diplomacy toward Germany generally showed a nothing-to-do and bystanderlike feature, which was the result of the overwhelming isolationist groups, the New Deal reform, Anglo-American international conflicts, lagging situation of the U. S. military force, and President Roosevelt's political attitude.