信息化合物对昆虫行为的影响

Effect of infochemicals on insect behavior.

本文综述了来自寄主植物的挥发性物质和同种昆虫或异种昆虫释放的各种信息素及两者的协同作用的信息化合物对昆虫行为的影响。特别强调了寄主植物的气味物质和昆虫信息素协同作用在昆虫寻找寄主、求偶、交配及天敌在寄主识别过程中的重要地位。昆虫对寄主植物的识别是由于识别了植物气味的由一定组分、按照严格比例组成的化学指纹图。昆虫信息素与植物挥发性物质相结合为昆虫寻找求偶、交配场所提供更复杂或更全面的信息。许多昆虫只有在寄主植物或寄主植物气味存在时 ,才能释放性或聚集信息素。天敌在寄主识别、搜索及定位等一系列过程中 ,来自寄主的食料、寄主本身及两者的互作的信息化合物起重要的作用。研究信息化合物对昆虫行为的影响可以探索昆虫各种行为的内在机理 ,更好的了解寄主—昆虫—天敌三层营养关系的相互作用 。

The effects of infochemicals released from host plant or the pheromone, kairomone from same or different species of insects and their coordinations on insect behavior are reviewed. The influences of combination of pheromone and host volatile on a series of insect behaviors such orientation, calling, mating and oviposition, as well as the recognition of hosts by natural enemy are especially emphasized. Host recognition of insect is the result of perception of the chemical spectrum which constructed from definite chemical components and ratios. The interactions of pheromone and plant volatile provide with more complex and comprehensive information for insects to searching their mates. The sex or aggregation pheromone of many insects only can be induced as the host plant or host volatile existed. Infochemicals of insect food plant, insect itself and their interaction play the importance role in host searching, host recognition of natural enemies. Researches in this field will help to explore the mechanisms of insect behaviors and the three trophic relationships among host plant phytophagous insect natural enemy, also provide the theoretical basis for biological control and using natural active compounds.