水相酶法处理萃取大豆油工艺的研究

Study on process of aqueous enzymatic treatment for soy oil extraction

研究了以水提法从大豆中提取含油蛋白、酶法处理含油蛋白、石油醚萃取分离大豆油为主要工序的提油工艺。实验确定了各工艺步骤的最佳操作条件 ,(1 )水提含油蛋白工序 :原料粉碎过 2 0目筛 ,加水 40 0ml/ 1 0 0g大豆 ,pH 9.0 ,室温 (2 1℃ )下浸泡 1h ,水磨 ,过滤 ,滤液调pH 4.5 ,2 0 0 0r/min(6 0 0g)离心 1 5min可得含油量在 2 8%左右 (干重计 )的含油蛋白 ;(2 )酶解含油蛋白工序 :酶解加水量 30 0ml/ 1 0 0g大豆 ,pH 8.0 ,1 398中性蛋白酶用量 0 .3g/1 0 0g大豆 (干重计 ) ,温度 45℃ ,时间 1h ;(3)萃取提油工序 :溶剂量 :30 0ml/ 1 0 0g原料 ,pH4.5 ,室温下振荡 1 5min ,于 30 0 0r/min(1 40 0g)离心 1 5min ,分离。在最佳工艺条件下获得高质量大豆油 ,总提取率达 70 %。

Oil extraction processing which includes the main steps of aqueous extraction of oil\|contained protein from soy, enzymatic hydrolyzing oil\|contained protein and the separating of soy oil by petroleum ether extraction was studied in this paper. The optimum operation conditions were obtained by experiment. (1) Steps of aqueous extracting oil\|contained protein: soy smashed into 20 mesh sieve, add 400 ml water per 100 g soy, pH 9.0, immerse for 1 h at 21 ℃, then mill, filter, adjust the liquid pH value to 4.5, centrifuge 15 min in 2 000 r/min(600 g), and the oil\|contained protein which contains 28% oils (dry base) was separated; (2) Steps of enzymatic hydrolysis: add 300 ml water per 100 gram soy, pH 8.0 , 0.3%(dry base, 120 000 U\5g\+\{-1\}) 1398\|neutral\|protease hydrolyzed for 1 h at 45 ℃; (3) Steps of oil extracting and separating: the ratio of solvent and soy was 3∶1 (ml/g), pH 4.5, vibrated 15 min at 21 ℃, then centrifuge and separate in 3 000 r/min(1 400 g) for 15 min. To get high quality soy oil under optimum conditions, the total oil extraction rate reached 70%.