长白山阔叶红松林主要树种对干旱胁迫的生态反应及生物量分配的初步研究

A preliminary study on ecological response of dominant tree species in Korean pine broadleaf forest at Changbai Mountain to soil water stress and their biomass allocation.

以组成长白山温带阔叶红松林主要树种红松、水曲柳、胡桃楸、椴树和蒙古柞的幼苗 ,盆栽于土壤含水量分别为田间持水量的 85 %～ 10 0 % (CK)、65 %～ 85 % (MW )和 45 %～ 65 % (LW )条件下 4个月 .研究不同土壤水分亏缺对不同树种生态反应和生物量再分配 ,结果表明 ,干旱处理显著降低供试树种的单叶面积、侧根数、根长等 ,降低叶比重 ,增加根比重 .不同种对干旱响应存在明显差异 .椴树和水曲柳叶比重随水分亏缺的加剧而显著降低 ,蒙古柞和胡桃楸叶比重值在轻度水分亏缺时达到最高 .但不同树种幼树茎比重并不随土壤水分含量的降低而发生明显变化 ,各树种生物量较对照组有显著差异 .椴树、水曲柳、胡桃楸、红松幼树总生物量平均降低 32 .8、43.6、2 6.2和 2 3 8% ,蒙古柞幼树生物量平均增加 4.8% ,耐旱性比其它 4个供试树种强 .

Pot culture experiments were conducted to examine the ecological response and biomass allocation of Pinus koraienes,Fraxinus mandshurica,Juglans mandshurica,Tilia amurensis,and Quercus mongolica.The five dominant species in the Korean pine-broadleaf forest at Changbai mountain.Their seedlings were grown under three different soil moistures,e.g.,85%～100%(CK),65%～85%(MW) and 45%～65%(LW) of field water-holding capacity.The results showed that drought significantly decreased the individual leaf area,number of fine root,root length,and individual biomass of seedlings.The root proportions of T.amurensis and F.mandshurica increased with increasing soil water content,but the leaf proportion of J.mandshurica and Q.mongolica in MW treatment was higher than that of CK and LW.There was no significant difference in stem proportions of 5 tree species among different water stress treatments.The response of the biomass of 5 tree species to water stress was significant,the total biomass of T.amurensis,F.mandshurica,J.mandshurica and P.koraienes in MW and LW decreased by 32.8%,43.6%,26.2% and 23 8%,respectively,while that in Q.mongolica increased by 4.8%,indicating that Q.mogolica was the most drought-tolerent species among 5 tested species.