粉煤灰改良砂姜黑土对麦田生态因子及重金属残留的影响

Effect of Shajiang black soil amended by coal fly ash on ecological factors and residue of heavy metal in wheat field.

采用盆栽试验 ,研究了粉煤灰改良砂姜黑土对麦田生态因子及Cd、Cr、Pb、Hg和As残留的影响 .结果表明 ,粉煤灰改良砂姜黑土可以降低土壤容重和土壤比重 ,减少土壤粘粒含量 ,增加土壤孔隙度和土壤渗透系数 ,提高耕层地温 ,促进土壤微生物活动和养分转化 ;土壤含水量高时具有散湿作用 ,土壤含水量低于 10 %后 ,具有保墒作用 ;在粉煤灰用量为 6× 10 4～ 18× 10 4kg·hm-2 的条件下 ,土壤及小麦子粒中重金属元素的积累量远低于国际污染标准值 ,即在此范围内 ,施用粉煤灰改良砂姜黑土是安全可靠的 .

The effect of Shajiang black soil amended by coal fly ash on ecological factors in wheat field and residua of Cd?Cr?Pb?Hg and As were studied by pot experiment. The results showed that applying coal fly ash into Shajiang black soil could decrease soil density , soil proportion and clay content,but increase soil porosity,filtration coefficient and soil temperature .Moreover,it could promote water evaporating when soil moisture was high and keep soil water when lower than 10%. It also could facilitate activity of soil micro-organism and promote soil nutrient transforming.With (6～18)×10 4kg·hm -2 coal fly ash applied in Shajiang black soil ,the accumulated quantity of Cd,Cr,Pb,Hg and As in soil and in wheat grain were lower than international standard index of pollution. Therefor, Shajiang black soil amended by coal fly ash was safe and reliable within the above range.