贵金属二元合金相图研究的新进展和展望

Recent Development on the Research of Binary Precious Metal Alloy Phase Diagrams

对贵金属二元合金相图研究现状及其可靠性进行了全面的分析 ,把贵金属与周期表中各元素的相互作用分成连续固溶体、简单包晶型、简单共晶型、简单偏晶型、生成化合物的复杂体系和在固态和液态都不互溶的 6种类型 ,并把它们放在元素周期表中进行研究后 ,定性总结了它们的若干规律 ;评价了二元相图坐标的热力学表示原理 ;评价了二元相图的半经验计算法和中间相的IUPAC (国际理论化学和应用化学联合会 )和MSIT (国际材料科学组织 )表示法 ,强调半经验的热力学计算法比较成熟 ,而按第一原理的理论计算法尚处在快速发展中 ;

The recent development on the research of the binary precious metal alloy phase diagrams and their reliabilities were analyzed in the present paper.The reactions between the precious metals with the elements in the period table were divided into 6 types, such as:continues solid solution,simple peritectic,simple eutectic,simple monotectic,complex systems with the compound forming,and the non-miscibility in the liquid and solid.Some regulations were concluded by putting the six types in the period table.The thermodynamic describe principles for the binary phase diagram axis was reviewed.The semi-empirical calculation for the binary phase diagrams and the discription of interphases by IUPAC and MSIT was introduced.It was considered that the thermodynamic calculation is comparative mature and the first principle computation was in the rapid developing stage.The future development for the precious metal alloy phase diagrams was overviewed.