沉默权的价值和实现

Value and Fulfillment of the Right to Silence

沉默权是由于刑事证据制度中犯罪嫌疑人、被告人口供的合法与否而引发的一项权利 ,对沉默权的态度反映了一国刑事诉讼制度的价值选择 ,在刑事诉讼所追求的两个相互冲突的价值 ,即自由价值和安全价值中 ,沉默权作为一项保障犯罪嫌疑人、被告人合法权利的制度 ,体现了对个人权利和自由的重视。本文通过对沉默权价值的探讨 ,比较了我国和世界上有沉默权制度的国家在刑事诉讼价值选择上的不同 ,论述了有关沉默权在我国的法律规定和现实问题 ,展望了这一制度在我国实现的可能性。

The existence of right to silence is a kind of right attribute to affidavit leglity of criminal suspect or defendant which composes a session of criminal evidence system.Whether to select the right to silence or not reflects a value selection of a national criminal system.Between the two conflicting systems which the criminal litigation has been pursueing—value of freedom and value of security,the right to silence acting as a system which protects criminal suspect’s or defendant’s legal rights reflects the respect to private rights and freedom. Through research to the value of right to silence,the author compares the Chinese criminal litigation value selection with other countries’which apply right to muteness system,states the relative provisions in Chinese laws and statutes as well as the existing practical issues,therefore predicts the possibility of fulfilling the system in China