呼吸病房医院感染痰培养的阈值监测

Inspection of Nosocomial Infection and the Significance of Threshold Measurement of Sputum Culture in Respiratory Ward

目的 研究一种能在医院感染的高危病区直接监测的预报方法 ,以控制医院感染的流行。方法 阈值监测法。结果 医院感染菌占痰培养检出致病菌的 2 6 .8% ,医院感染人数占同期出院人数的 2 .0 4% ;医院感染菌仍以铜绿假单胞菌居首位 ,肺炎克雷伯菌次之 ,白色念珠菌为第 3位 ,乙酸钙不动杆菌已成为重要的医院感染菌 ;新老病区医院感染菌的 P(基准感染率 )值分别为 1.8%和 2 .5 % ;预报了 1990年 8、9月份呼吸病房将要发生医院感染流行 ,并得以验证。结论 阈值监测法可行 ,用其曲线进行统计分析 ,可简捷直观地找出医院感染率是否显著增加 ,如果每隔几年根据基准感染率对曲线进行修改 ,将会有效发挥重要的监控作用。

OBJECTIVE To study a forecasting method which can directly inspect and measure the hospital infection in highly dangerous wards, with which we can control the prevalence of nosocomial infection. METHODS To use the method of threshold measurement. RESULTS Among the pathogens isolated from sputum culture 26.8% was that of nosocomial infection and the nosocomial infection prevalence was 2.04%; among patients Pseudomonas aeruginosa was still the first agent in nosocomial infection, after it were Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus has become one of the important nosocomial infection agents. The baseline infection prevalance P in new and old wards was 1.8% and 2.5%, respectively. It was forecasted and verified that there would be prevalent nosocomial infection occurred in respiratory ward. CONCLUSIONS A method for threshold measurement is available, with the help of its curves, we can directly find out whether the nosocomial infection could increase notably. If it can be modified according to the change of the P value after every several years, it will play an important role in infection surveillance.