九十年代计算机发展展望

Computer Perspectives in the 90's

自从1946年第一台电子计算机ENIAC问世以来,计算机技术一直不停地发展着,特别是进入七十年代以后,随着微电子技术取得的显著成就,其发展更为迅速。目前计算机已跨入全面采用大规模集成电路的第四代,并开始向具有知识处理功能的第五代过渡。在过去的十年里,对第五代计算机的基础工作已做了不少,现在正在进入实现阶段。甚至在这种计算机尚未真正出现之前,人们又在开始探讨和研究模仿人脑思维机理的神经网络计算机了,已有人称之为第六代计算机。因此在未来的十年中。

As the computer science and technology progress continuouly and rapidly, the architecture and function of computing systems are facing a revolution in the 1990's. In the first part of this article the current situation and the trends of advances of the 1th generation computers in the aspects of supercomputers, integrated circuits and new architectures are discussed. The second part introduces the research works and trends of the new generation computers, including the fifth generation. Computer system developed by Japan which is based on logic inferring and knowledge processing, and the neural network computers which are based on perceptive information processing.