微波萃取西番莲籽的研究

Microwave Extraction of Seed of Passionflower

微波萃取和索氏提取西番莲籽的结果表明 ,微波萃取法具有萃取时间短、溶剂用量少、溶剂回收率高、产品提取率高、所得油色泽清亮、气味清雅的优点。本研究使用经改造的家用微波炉作为主要设备 ,对微波萃取过程的影响因素进行了考察 ,筛选出最佳的微波萃取工艺条件 ,并对微波萃取植物中有效成分的基本原理做了初步探讨。实验结果表明溶剂的介电常数越大 ,提取率越小。非极性溶剂正己烷和等体积极性溶剂丙酮混合后 ,提取率有明显下降。环己烷和二氯甲烷混合也有同样的现象。这就表明非极性溶剂适用于微波萃取含水物料。3种原料处理中 ,实验前用水浸泡 2 4 h使种子吸水的方法提取率最高。在总辐射时间相同时 。

Compared with Soxhlet method, microwave extraction of the seed of passionflower is a rapid method (about 120 seconds) with less solvent consumption (about 50mL), higher yield and better oil with good color and odor. A reconstructed home microwave oven is used as the main equipment. The effects of extraction conditions are studied, the optimum process conditions have been worked out and the preliminary study on the basic principle of microwave extraction of significant components from plants is given. The results show that the higher the dielectric constant of solvent, the less the yield is. When hexane is mixed with equal volume acetone, the yield decreases sharply, which is the same as cyclo hexane mixed with dichloromethane. All this infers that nonpolar solvent is fit for microwave extraction of materials containing water. Three material treatments are discussed, and the method of dipping the sample in water for about 24 hours before experiment gives the best result. Data indicate that the higher water content in the seed of passionflower, the more the yield is. Data also show that the effect of continuous radiatioin time under the condition of the same total radiation time is different for linoleic acid and linolenic acid which are the significant components of the product.