贵州20种特有植物迁地栽培及扩繁技术的研究

Study on ex situ cultivation and propagation technique of twenty endemic species in Guizhou

对梵净山冷杉 (Abiesfanjingshanensis)、小黄花茶 (Camellialuteoflora)等 2 0种贵州特有植物进行了迁地栽培及扩繁技术的研究。试验结果为 :1)原产地海拔在 10 0 0m左右的物种植株迁地栽培存活率和采种播种出苗率都较高 (75 %～ 95 % ) ;2 )植株迁地栽培存活率和采种播种出苗的数学期望值的坐标曲线相似程度很高 ,即这些植物物种不同发育阶段生长发育的生理活动对环境的要求和作用具有一致性 ;3)供试植物的扩繁系数为 0 6 1～ 1,种苗产品周期 2～ 3年 ;4)道真润楠 (Machilusdaozhenensis)和山茶属 (Camellia) 8种、石笔木属 (Tutcheria) 2种、槭树属 (Acer) 4种以及杜鹃花科的臭越橘 (Vacciniumfoetidissimum)的扩繁系数分别达到 0 93和 1,产品周期 2～ 3年 ,按新产品筛选与原型测试方法评价市场产品指标等级为较适合 ,产品态势为“中良”或“中优” ,可以开发利用。

species of Guizhou endemic plant such as Abies fanjingshanensis W.L.Huang,Y.L.Tu et S.Z.Fang,Camellia luteoflora Y.K.Li,etc,have been studied on ex situ cultivation and propagation technology.The following is the results of the experiment.1)Rates of survival and germination are higher(75%～95%) for the ex situ plant from the original zone at an elevation of about 1?100 ?m.2)The survival rate for ex situ cultivation and the coordinate curve of expectancy are much similiar,that is ,the physiological activities of these species in different developmental stages are identical with the requirement and function of the environment.3)The coefficients of these species are 0.61～1,and the sprout product period is 2～3years.4)The coefficient for Machilus daozhenensis is 0.93,and 1 for Camellia (8 species),Tutcheria(2 species),Acer(4 species) and Vaccinium foetidissimum ,and the product period is 2～3 years.Their products are suitable to market demands.The product situation is fair to good or fair to excellent,which can be used and developed.