人参的土壤营养与培肥研究 Ⅴ.关于人参施肥问题

STUDIES ON PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL MANAGEMENT FOR GROWING GINSENG (PAN AX GINSENG) V. PROBLEMS ON FERTILIZATION

进行了田间试验和植物及土壤分析。NPK三要素及包括全部必需元素的完全营养液田间试验,均无显著肥效,^(32)p、^(83)R_b凡示踪试验证明,吸自肥料磷、钾占人参全量磷、钾的百分率(pdff和kdff)确实甚小(<5％)。有机培肥试验中,大于土壤腐殖质4％的有机质增量,不表现产量效应。从人参需肥量仅为农作物的1/6,土壤(参床土壤含腐殖质>8％)供肥远过于求角度,论证了施肥无效的原因。提出了现行栽培制度下无须施肥的论断,和人参推广到淋溶黑土上种值无须伐林的建议。

To study nutritional reguirement of ginseng and supply of soil nutrients, the field experiments, ith ^(32)p and ^(86)Rb labelling, were carried out, accompanied by chemical analysis of plants and soils. o significant response either to NPK three elements or to complete nutrients solution was found in e field experments. ^(32)P and ^(86)R_b labelling showed the percentage of p or K derived from fertiltzer(Pdff or Kdff) was less than 5％ of the total P and K contents in plant. It was also showed in a soil organic amendment experiment that there was no response to increment of organic matter when soil contained humus more than 4％. Nutrient requirements of ginseng are only 1/6 of ordinary field crops, but the soils of growing ginseng, can supply several times than ginseng needs. It is therefore clear that the fertiltzation to ginseng is not very effective. Based on the results mentioned above, it is suggested that: 1. through laying ginseng gardens on black soil(leached chernozem) and meadow Baijiang soil, cutting forest for ginseng plantation can be avoided. 2. there is no need to use fertilizer, espicially mineral fertilizer in the present (cutting forest) ginseng cultural systems.