向日葵皮壳率遗传的研究

A STUDY ON THE INHERITANCE OF HUSK CONTENT IN SUNFLOWERS

本试验以向日葵雄性不育系5份和恢复系6份为亲本进行不完全双列杂交,较系统地研究了向日葵皮壳率的遗传变异规律。对各杂交组合 F_1代、部分组合的 F_2代和回交世代进行的分析结果表明,皮壳率属于数量性状,基因的加性效应对皮壳率性状的表现起主要作用。皮壳率的遗传力较高,选择响应很大,可在早代加以选泽。双亲的皮壳率制约着杂种 F_1代皮壳率的表现。双亲皮壳率差值的大小影响杂种 F_2代的遗传变异幅度。在育种实践中,为降低杂种 F_1代的皮壳率,杂交双亲之一必须是薄壳类型。

An experiment of an incomplete-diallel design with 6 male- terile lines crossed to 5 restorer lines was conducted to study the inheritance of husk content in sunflowers.The statistical analysis of all possible F_2 hybrids,and some of the F_2S and backcrossed genera- tions showed that husk content was a quantitatively-inherited trait, in whose expression additive gene effect played an essential part。The heritability for husk content was high,indicating this trait could ef- fectively be screened in early generations.The husk contents of both parents can determine those of F_1 hybrids and the parental differences in husk content will also influence the genetic variability of F_2 gene- ration to the character.In sunflower breeding programs,it is impor- tant that one of the parents be thinhusked to lower the husk content of F_1 generation.