动水压力及其对坝体地震反应影响的研究进展

Review of studies on the hydrodynamic pressure and its effects on the seismic response of dams

由于大坝事故可能产生的灾难性后果 ,合理确定地震时坝面动水压力是地震区新建坝设计和已建坝安全评估的一个重要因素 .自从Westergaard (1933)的创造性研究开始 ,许多研究者对坝面动水压力及其对坝体地震反应影响进行了研究 .由于计算工具和计算方法的局限性 ,在初期的研究中一般都采用简化模型 ,假定坝体和地基为刚性 ,分析刚性坝面动水压力 .随着计算机性能的不断提高 ,多种数值方法开始广泛应用于分析坝面动水压力 ,坝面动水压力分析的计算模型不断完善 ,逐步考虑了坝体和库水的动力相互作用、地基柔性的影响、库水可压缩性的影响、库底淤积泥砂层的影响以及非线性反应的影响等 .本文详细回顾了上述几方面的研究进展 ,总结了库水的可压缩性、坝体、库底淤积砂层。

A review of the development in the study of hydraulic dynamic pressure acting on dams during earthquake and its effects on seismic response of dam is given in detail.The study in this aspect was initiated in 1933 since the creative work of Westerguaad.In the early stage,some simplified models,for example rigid dam impounded water rigid foundation model,was used,because of the limittion of calculation tools.Now,by using computer,many numerical methods have been widely applied and the models for simulation are getting much more perfect,in which the interaction between dam and impounded water,the effects of flexible foundation,compressibility of water,sedimentaion as well as the non linearity of response are being considered.