不同时期医学生心理健康状态的对比分析

A Comparative Analysis of Mental Health Status of the Medical Students in Different Learning Stages

目的 研究同一批医学院校学生在不同时期心理状态特征的变化。方法 采用症状自评量表 (SCL - 90 )对 1 997级学生 1 78人在刚入校时及 3年后进行心理问卷测试。结果 入学初调查结果显示强迫、偏执两因子高于全国常模 ;3年后调查结果显示躯体化和精神病性显著高于常模 ,人际关系、忧郁、恐惧、偏执 4因子显著低于全国常模 ,女性学生除精神病因子高于男性外 ,其余 8个因子则显著低于男生 ;男生的躯体化因子均分值显著升高 ,而强迫、人际关系、恐惧、偏执、精神病性 5因子均分显著下降 ,女生除躯体化、睡眠两因子均分无显著变化外 ,其余 8个因子分均显著下降。结论 随着年级的增加 ,医科大学生的心理适应不良症状有所改善 ,女性学生优于男性。建议注意男性大学生的躯体症状。

Objective To study the change in the mental health status in different Learning stages among the medical student. Method: One hundred and seventy eight medical students were asked to fill the questionnaire consisting of SCL-90 when they were matriculated at university and three years later. Results The results at the first time showed that three years later, the sub-scale scores of the SCL90 in obsessive-compulsive and paranoid ideation for the students are significantly higher than those for the national norm; scores in interpersonal sensitivity, depression, phobia, paranoid ideation were significantly lower while scores in summarization and psychotics were higher significantly. Scores in other eight sub-scales except for psychotics were higher in schoolgirls than in schoolboys. For schoolboys, score in summarization became higher, but scores in interpersonal sensitivity, phobia, paranoid ideation, psychotics got lower three years later; for schoolgirls, scores in the other eight sub-scales significantly get lower except in summarization and sleeping sub-scales. Conclusions Mental health status of the medical students improved with grade, especially girls, It is commended that more attention should be paid to summarization symptoms of boys.