婴幼儿腮腺血供的解剖学研究及临床应用

Anatomical Research on the Blood Supply of the Infant Parotid Gland and Clinical Application

目的 :观察婴幼儿腮腺内血管的走行与分布 ,为临床应用提供理论依据。方法 :血管乳胶灌注 ,手术显微镜下解剖。结果 :婴幼儿腮腺内较恒定的血管是颈外动脉、耳后动脉、颞浅动脉、面横动脉的分支 ,其出现率均为10 0 % ;在腮腺内分布最广泛的是面横动脉和耳后动脉 ;颈外动脉于二腹肌后腹临近中间腱处 ,周围无重要结构 ,容易分离。结论 :颈外动脉中段结扎优于起始部结扎 ;二腹肌后腹及其乳突附着是寻找颈外动脉中段的重要标志。

Objective: Our aim was to observe the vessel distribution in infant parotid gland. Methods: Cadavers were injected with red Latex and anatomised under surgery microscope. Results: External carotid artery, posterior aurie artery, superficial temporal artery, transverse facial artery existed in parotid gland (100%). The most widely distributed arteries in parotid gland were transverse facial artery and posterior aurie artery. There was no important structure around external carotid artery upon digastricus muscles. Conclusion: Ligature external carotid artery is better at middle part than at lower part. Posterior belly of digastricus and its adhesion of mastoid are important marks in searching for the middle part of external carotid artery.