新生儿接种卡介苗在结核病控制中的作用

Effect of BCG vaccination in neonates on the control of tuberculosis

为了解新生儿卡介苗接种在结核病控制中的作用,分析前期(1984年～1989年)3010例新生儿与后期(1994年～1999年)2575例新生儿接种卡介苗后PPD试验的结果。前期接种者阳转率85.12％,阴性率14.88％,未种者阳性率0;后期接种者阳转率87.57％,阴性率12.43％,后期未接种者例数增多,阴性率91.67％,阳性率增至8.33％。两期合计:已接种者阳转率86.24％,阴性率13.76％,未种者阴性率92.19％,阳性率为7.81％,已种者阳转率显著高于未种者。资料显示新生儿应尽早接种卡介苗,在未取得新的菌苗代替前,对控制结核病仍有应用价值。当前面临的问题是如何提高接种的作用及效果。

In order to understand the effect of BCG vaccination in neonates on the control of tuberculosis, the results of PPD test in three months after birth were analyzed in both of 3010 infants with a neonatal BCG vaccination during 1984-1989 as a early period and 2575 infants with a neonatal BCG vaccination during 1994 -1999 as a later period. It showed that the PPD results of the vaccinal infants were with the positive rate of 85.12% and the negative rate of 14. 88% in the early period, and with the positive rate of 87. 57% and the negative rate of 12. 43% in the later period, respectively. It was also noticed that in the unvaccinal infants, no positive finding was observed in the early period, and there was a positive rate of 8. 33% in the later period. Combining the results of the two periods, it was found that the positive rate was 86. 24% and the negative rate was 13. 76% in the vaccinal infants, and the positive rate was 7. 81% in the unvaccinal infants. It is suggested that neonates shall be given BCG vaccination as early as soon. BCG vaccination will still be available for the control of tuberculosis before a new BCG vaccination does not come out yet. An important problem faced now is how to raise the effect of BCG vaccination.