摘要
发展中国家的政府是如何与当地居民共同实现对林地的可持续利用呢?回顾100多年来东南亚地区人民对自然资源的利用状况,我们可以总结出一种新的策略规划,这一方法中运用了多学科知识,并以各利益方之间的相互关系为基础而建立起来。我们在老挝一集水区(这里以轮作制为主)进行研究,来验证并说明这一方法。研究中,我们与当地百姓就其历史事件、社会经济状况和环境条件进行了交流。另外,为了核实、校准和补充当地居民提供的信息,研究中还应用了田间样点、遥感资料、官方记录以及模拟工具(区域生产模型)等。通过给居民们提供确切的数据,并给他们以考虑自己不同的土地利用方式、解释其间的差异及相应效果进行评价的机会,进行了一场有关土地利用方面的对话。
How can governments in developing countries act together with local people to promote sustainable forest land use? Based upon an initial review of man's use of natural resources in Southeast Asia over 100 years, an interdisciplinary approach to strategic planning based on interaction among stakeholders is outlined. A case study in a water catchment area in Laos, dominated by shifting cultivation, is used to test and illustrate the approach, which includes interviews with local people about historical events and socioeconomic and environmental conditions. The study also includes field point sampling, remote sensing, official records and a simulation tool (the Area Production Model), for verification, calibration and supplementation of the information provided by villagers. By presenting the consolidated data to the villagers and giving them opportunities to consider their land-use and explain discrepancies, and comment on the conclusions, a dialogue on land-use strategies was initiated.
