应用简化和定量方法从空调冷却水中培养分离军团菌

A simplified and quantitative method for culturing and isolating Legionella from air condition cooling waters

目的 建立简便技术并用于调研该地区空调冷却水中军团菌的分布等。方法 用简法配制军团菌培养基 ;以烛缸取代CO2 培养箱 ;仅依据菌落形态的符合和在血琼脂上不生长初判军团菌 ;并用简式作定量。结果 应用简化和定量的方法于 1997年 7月至 1999年 6月 ,从上海市卢湾区6类建筑物 47个定点的 371件空调冷却水样中 ,检出了 185件军团菌 ,检出率达 49.87% ,其中地铁站达 6 9.36 %。结论 建立了简化的军团菌培养分离和定量法 ,以此法在历经 3年较系统的定点调研中 ,检出率达 49.87% ,非常显著地高于国内已发表的资料而与国外相近。其中地铁站冷却水的军团菌检出率和菌量均最高 。

Objective To establish simplified technique to investigate the distribution of Legionella from air condition cooling waters in a district in Shanghai. Methods Using simplified method to make GVPC agar plates; using candle jar to replace CO 2 incubator; initial identification was only relied on colony appearance but no growth on the blood agar plate; and a simple formula was used to quantify the Legionella in waters. Results From July 1997 to June 1999 in Luwan District Shanghai, the simplified methods were used to culture and isolate 185 Legionella strains from 371 water samples (47 fixed spots of hotels, markets, resident buildings, hospitals, subway stations, cinemas and stadiums), with a detection rate of 49.87 % with highest at the subway stations ( 69.36 %), which were significantly higher than repated in the literature in this country and abroad. Conclusions Simplified methods were established for culturing, isolating and quantifying Legionella . These methods had been used for 3 years to have got a high Legionella detection rate from the cooling waters. The high detection rate and quantity of Legionella in cooling waters of subway stations call for more attention to the fact that Legionellosis might exist in these waters.