四川梅花鹿食性的研究

Study on the Food Habits of Sichuan Sika Deer(Cervus nippon sichuanicus)

对四川梅花鹿食性的研究表明 :鹿采食活动在晨昏和夜间进行 ,采食的植物种类共计 2 12种 ,杨柳科、桦木科、蓼科、小蘖科、蔷薇科、豆科、胡秃子科、忍冬科、菊科、禾本科、莎草科的植物是其食物的主要来源 ,占采食植物总数的 6 7% .鹿在不同的季节对食物基地和采食的植物有明显的选择性 .10月至翌年 4月 ,鹿常在 2 70 0～ 32 0 0m处的土坎下面舐食富含铵盐的土 .饮水在晨昏和夜间进行 ,水源为河流、小溪和山泉 .

Sichuan sika deer feeds and drinks at dawn, dust and midnight. Three feeding peaks are 18∶00～20∶00, 1∶00～3∶00 and 6∶00～8∶00. It was found that 212 plant species were included in the food of sichuan sika deer, among them arbor, shrub and grass constitute 6.13%, 30.66% and 63.21% respectively. There were 67% food belonged to Salicaceae, Betulaceae, Polygonaceae, Berberidaceae, Rosaceae, Leguminosea, Elaeagnaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Compositea, Gramineae and Cyperaceae. According to the field observation, it is obvious that the food base and food are selected by deers in different seasons. Deers drink water in small rivers and mountain springs. From Oct. to Apr., deers often lick soil that contans rich NH 4 + salt.