城市边缘区景观变化与人为影响的空间分异研究

Spatial Different Analysis of Landscape Change and Human Impact in Urban Fringe

利用 1988、1993、1998年的遥感影像 ,应用最大似然法和概率松驰法对马山景观组分进行了测量。在此基础上 ,对分类结果进行比较求得研究区景观变化的转移矩阵 ,分析人为改造活动与景观组分之间的对应关系和空间变化过程。马山区已经从 1988年的传统农业景观转化为 1998年的城郊混合景观 ,人口、经济、产业结构均发生了巨大变化。借助人为影响指数 ,利用网格采样和地统计学分析 ,研究了马山 1988～ 1998年间景观的人为开发利用活动 ,揭示人为活动的空间变异、强度分布及景观转变过程的社会驱动力。

Based on remote sensing images in 1988,1993 and 1998, the Mashan's landscape was conducted through methods of maximum like and probabilistic relaxation, which revealed the city's spatial process during 11 years The authors analyzed the relations between landscape changing and human impacting A spatial variance, human impact index, was raised to express the spatial distribution of human exploiting and using strength Using this index, mesh sampling method and geostatistics tool, the authors studied the landscape human impact conditions during the past 11 years, and revealed the spatial characteristics of human exploiting and using strength and their relation with the regional social and economic development The conclusions may be distinguished as follows: (1) The results of the detection are reasonable and it is feasibility to calculate the transfer matrix of landscape to show spatial pattern of landscape distribution as unit of image pixel (2) The main characteristics of Mashan's landscape changing are obvious reduction of the existing agricultural landscape and subsequent rapid increase of urban landscape along Guzhu road and cycle road which are main developing axes during the recent 5 years In 1988, agricultural production was the main human impact of Mashan landscape, but in 1998, urban development and so on has be the main human active The typical agricultural landscape in 1988 transforms to the urban fringe landscape in 1998 (3) The spatial characteristics of human exploiting and using had strong relations with the economic activities in Mashan Town When agricultural production was the main human active in 1988, the semivariagram of impact index was very low and in short ranges In 1993 and 1998, non agricultural land exploitation were the most important type of human disturbance, the semivariagram was high and in long ranges Because the north south belt area was the main exploiting region, the semivariagram was anisotropic from 1988 to 1998, but when the northern new developing belt area and cycle road began to be constructed from 1992, it became more and more isotropic