试论中国经济增长的南北差异

A study on North-South differences in economic growth

在考察南北方经济发展水平和速度差异的基础上 ,利用统计数据资料 ,对 1980 1999年 2 0年间南北方经济不平衡发展作了系统的分析。通过定量计算得出结论 :经济发展速度南快北慢现象是明显的 ,经济发展水平改革开放前北高南低 ,目前则是南高北低 ,致使中国经济发展出现了新的不平衡。南快北慢的原因是 :地缘优势和超前观念所获得的政策倾斜 ,导致了出口能力和投资 (尤其是外商直接投资 )强度的差别 ;工业结构 (特别是所有制结构和轻重工业结构 )的作用也很明显 ,而国家投资的作用很小 ,且越来越不重要。扭转北慢的对策是加大北方改革开放力度 ,切实搞好国有大中型企业改造 ,大力实施科教兴国战略 ;北方要注意把握机遇 ,构筑新一轮经济增长点 ,尽快实现产业结构的升级和转型。

Basing on statistical data, the author reviewed the differences between the north and the south in economic rate and level and analysed regional unbalanced development in China Through quantitative calculation, the conclusions are drawn: 1)it was obvious that the south was faster than the north; contrast of economic level has reversed since reform and opening 2)The reasons accountable for these changes consist of politics, export strength,economic system (structure of possession system),input intensity (special foreign direct investment), industrial structure and so on 3)Social cultural elements have certain influence by all means 4)To turn the north tardy, we should quicken the pace of reform and opening in the north, make efforts in restructuring big and middle state owned enterprises, vigorously carry out the strategy of making the country strong through science and education 5)The north must grasp opportunity, build new economic growth pole, retransfer and upgrade industrial structure as soon as possible