青藏高原盐湖资源研究的新进展

Study Advances in Saline Lake Resources on the Qinghai-Tibet Pleteau

本文着重就盐湖中心“九五”研究工作进展作一简要报道。该研究以“盐湖学”(Salinology)为指导 ,开展基础理论研究与开发实验相结合的探索 ,将盐湖资源综合性调查与典型盐湖开发研究密切结合。首次揭示了环昂拉陵区为锂硼铯 (钾铷 )盐湖巨大成矿域 ;指出扎布耶超大型锂硼盐湖矿床为一陆 陆碰撞区多级浅盆成矿模式 ,不同于南美弧后裂谷的高深盆锂硼成矿模式 ;首次通过大范围盐湖综合调查 ,从而确认青藏高原是我国重要产卤虫盐湖远景区 ;以“因地制宜、就地取材、扬长避短“的原则 ,通过实验盐湖学研究 ,找到了一条适合高原特殊环境的锂盐湖开发路线。

This paper presents a summary report on the progress in the evaluation of the saline lake resources of the Tibetan Plateau over the past ten-old years made by the R & D Center of Saline Lake and Epithermal Deposits. The research has been carried out by integrating closely the comprehensive saline lake resource investigation with the typical saline lake research and development under the guidance of 'salinology'. It has for the first time revealed that the Laling area of Huan'ang is a gigantic lithium-boron-cesium-(potassium-rubidium) metallogenic province and points out that the superlarge Zabuye lithium-boron salt lake deposit presents a multistage, shallow-basin metallogenic model in a continent-continent collision area, which is different from the high range-deep basin lithium-boron saline lake metallogenic model in back-arc rifts of South America. Through an extensive comprehensive investigation of saline lakes it is for the first time ascertained that the Tibetan Plateau is an important Artemia prospect area. In the light of the principle of taking such measures as are suitable to local conditions, obtaining raw materials locally and developing advantages and avoiding shortcomings and through a study of experimental salinology, we have found a way of lithium saline lake development that is suited to the special environment of the plateau.