长江河口与瓯江河口最大浑浊带的比较研究

Comparative Study of Turbidity Maximum in the Changjiang and Oujiang Estuaries

长江河口与瓯江河口均发育了庞大的最大浑浊带（ＴＭ），但这两条河口的河流性质、几何形态、径潮流动力条件、盐淡水混合类型和泥沙来源等差异极为明显，长江口与瓯江口ＴＭ的变化特点是：前者洪盛枯衰；后者枯盛洪衰；所在部位，前者在口门附近，后者在口门之内。研究结果表明，除了径潮流动力平衡带和丰富的泥沙来源是发育长江口、瓯江河口ＴＭ的两个基本条件外，河口环流和潮汐不对称分别在长江、瓯江河口的ＴＭ形成、发育、维持过程中起了第二位作用。

The Changjiang and Oujiang Estuaries exhibit strong turbidity maximum, but their morphology, runoff, tidal prism and source of sediment are obviously different and the estuaries are only similar in the asymmetry of duration of flood and ebb. Turbidity maximum of the Changjiang Estuary is strong during the flood season and weak during the dry season, while in the Oujiang Estuary the reverse occurs. As a result, estuarine circulation and tidal pumping associated with asymmetry in both the flood and ebb tidal duration are secondary in importance in the generation and maintenance of turbidity maximum in the Changjiang and Oujiang Estuaries respectively, with the relation balance between runoff and tidal currents, abundent suspended sediments.