从“信息不对称”看市场经济条件下政府的作用

Function of Government in Market Economy from Perspect of “Asymmetric Information”

“信息不对称”是市场存在的缺陷之一。消费者与厂商之间的“信息不对称”可能使“性能价格比”较小的低价品淘汰“性能价格比”较大的产品 ;厂商之间的“信息不对称”会引起恶性价格竞争。这两种情况都会导致资源配置或利益分配的不合理。政府的参与是解决这些问题的有效途径 ,政府可以通过立法、行政手段等措施对产品的生产、销售及市场价格等加以必要的限制与规范 ,从而实现“微观调控” ,维持正常的市场秩序 ,达到减少社会福利损失的目的。

Asymmetric information is one kind of market failure. Asymmetric information between consumer and firm will cause adverse selection of product. Asymmetric information among firms will bring out disordered price-competition. Both will lead to unreasonable resource allocation and interest distribution. Participation of government can resolve those problems. For the purpose of decreasing social welfare deadweight, government can limit production, marketing and price by means of statute and policy.