上海地区杂交粳稻米品质性状的遗传分析

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF RICE QUALITY CHARACTERS OF HYBRID JAPONICA VARIETIES IN SHANGHAI AREA

应用莫惠栋提出的 p +q +pq交配设计的种子性状遗传方法 ,分析了上海地区杂交粳稻主要的 4个不育系和 3个恢复系配组的 12个杂交种F1植株的F2 种子及其亲本的 5个稻米品质性状。结果表明 :5个品质性状在杂种间存在显著差异 ,在不育系间糙米率、整精米率、直链锭粉含量也存在差异 ,而在恢复系间差别较小。不育系间、不育系对恢复系、杂种对亲本的变异都大于环境变异 ,加性和显性遗传变异普遍存在。对直链淀粉含量、糙米率、精米率的比较表明 :湘晴及其组合 82 0 4A/湘晴、52A/湘晴、50 16A/湘晴等直链锭粉含量较低 ,82 0 4A/R161、82 0 4A/R161 10糙米率较高 ,而 50 16B、82 0 4A/湘晴、82 0 4A/R161 10精米率、整精米率较高。

Five rice quality characters of 4 sterile lines,3 restoring lines and their 12 hybrid japonica varieties were analysed by using a statistical method in p+q+pq mating design recently proposed by Mo Huidong et al..The result showed as follows.Significant differences exist in the 5 rice quality characters among the hybrids,and the differences among sterile lines are higher than those among restoring lines in brown rice rate,complete milled rice rate and amylose content.The variations among sterile lines,between sterile lines vs.restoring lines and between hybrids vs.parents are greater than environment variation.Additive and dominant genetic variations generally exist.By comparison,Xiangqing and its hybrid combinations(8204A/Xiangqing,52A/Xiangqing,5016A/Xiangqing et al.)are lower in amylose content,8204A/R161 and 8204A/R161 10 are higher in brown rice rate,and 5016B,8204A/Xiangqing,8204A/R161 10 are higher in milled rice rate and complete milled rice rate.