制度激励与中国运输结构变迁

Institutional Incentives and Evolution of China's Transportation Structure

在国民经济和技术水平没有发生重大改变的情况下，铁路与公路、民航等运输方式在 同一经济发展阶段的竞争已不仅仅是技术上的竞争，更深层次上是各运输方式在走向市场化 进程中因制度激励不同导致价格、服务水平、发展速度及供给水平差异上的竞争。运输制度 结构的非均衡是造成 20世纪 90年代中国运输结构变迁最重要的因素，中国运输结构变迁很 大程度上是一种制度性安排的结果。

Under non－ great transformation of national economical level and techn ology level, the competition among railway ,highway and airway is decided by not only technology but also institutional arrangement toward transportation market .It is different institutional incentive that lead to price,service,development speed and supply level of different transport mode.This paper emphasize that non － equilibrium of transportation institution structure is the key factor of caus ing transportation structrure's evolution in 1990's, evolution of China's transp ortation structure, in great extent, is the result of instutional arrangement.