货车转向架动力学参数测试台研究与试验

Research and Experiment on Test-bed for Measuring Dynamics Parameters of Freight Car Bogie

货车转向架动力学参数测试台是我国第一个对货车转向架结构参数 ,特别是对抗菱刚度进行准确测定的专用试验台。该参数测试台由基础钢结构滑动平台、两通道液压伺服加载系统和采用虚拟仪器技术构成的计算机测试系统 3部分组成。其测试原理是将组装状态的转向架或其轮对固定在滑动平台上 ,然后控制两个液压激励器使滑动平台产生平动或转动 ,强迫转向架各部件之间或转向架与车体之间产生相对位移 ,根据传感器测得的转向架各部件的位移 ,以及激励器的作用力 ,计算出转向架的各种动力学参数。根据抗菱刚度的理论定义 ,探讨了三大件式转向架抗菱刚度在参数测试台上的测试方法和计算公式。介绍了参数测试台的首次应用。借助于参数测试台的试验验证 ,使一种新开发的 2E轴低动力作用货车转向架取得了较好的动力学参数 ,并一次通过了线路试验考核。该动力学参数测试台为我国货车转向架的设计制造提供了一种新的试验手段。

The test-bed for measuring dynamic parameters of freight car bogie is the first one developed in China. This test-bed is composed of sliding plate desk, hydraulic actuator system and computer measurement system that is constructed with virtual instrument technology. During test period, the tested freight bogie or its wheelset was fastened on the sliding plate desk, and then the sliding plate desk was shifted or rotated by controlling the hydraulic actuator. The dynamic parameter such as wrap stiffness was calculated through measuring the displacements between the components of bogie and the actuator forces by sensor. Based on theoretic definition of the wrap stiffness, we have studied the method of measuring wrap stiffness of three-piece bogie on this test-bed. The paper introduces the first application of this test-bed. With the aid of this test-bed, a new prototype of three-piece bogie is developed successfully. The paper points out that this test-bed is an effective experiment installation for designing freight car bogie.