油气化探经验与教训

Experiences and lessons in oil and gas geochemical exploration.

结合塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地等地区探例 ,分析总结油气地球化学勘探数十年的经验与教训。认为油气化探的发展之所以跌宕起伏 ,原因在于以往工作中存在一些损害化探成果可信度的倾向 :①违背《石油天然气地球化学勘查技术规范》 ,忽视化探工作程序 ,混淆化探勘探的阶段性 ,用小比例尺低精度调查成果去评价圈闭的含油气性 ,或者将低级次区域异常视为油气藏的反映。②忽视了化探干扰因素研究。化探干扰因素普遍存在 ,约制干扰应是化探研究的重要内容 ,在最大限度抑制自然地理景观、岩性、近代生物地球化学作用及人文污染等影响因素后 ,才能确定反映油气信息的异常。③轻视了油气化探队伍的建设。油气化探队伍应是一个多学科密切结合的群体 ,而前些年许多非专业的化探队伍技术力量不足 ,综合研究能力差 ,制约了该技术方法的发展 ,且影响了化探技术的信誉。④野外作业不重视地质调查 ,施工质量差 ,初次开展化探工作就急于抓局部异常和矿置异常 ,数据处理和确定异常的方法单一 ,致使化探成果可信度降低。上述影响油气化探技术应用发展的一些问题多是在失控的无序竞争中产生的 ,不应归咎于方法本身。油气化探是有科学依据和发展潜力的技术方法 ,在纠正这些倾向之后 ,必将获得健康、迅速的发展。图 1表 4参

After analyzing the experiences and lessons in petroleum geochemical exploration of previous decades with the examples of exploration in Tarim, Junggar and some other basins, the authors hold that the reasons why the development of petroleum geochemical exploration is sometimes easy, sometimes difficult; sometimes rises and sometimes falls, is that the tendency of injuring credit of the results of geochemical exploration is present in previous work, which is mainly characterized by:(1)Violating“The Technical Regulation for Oil and Gas Geochemical Prospecting”: Ignoring procedures of oil and gas geochemical exploration, confusing stages of exploration, evaluating trap with survey achievement in little scale and few precision, or reflecting oil and gas fields by lower stage area abnormities.(2)Ignoring research on interference factors in geochemical exploration. Interference factors widely exist. Constraining interference factors is an important topic for researchers with more experiences. Having constrained physical geography landscape, rock qualities, modern biological geochemical actions and human pollution into full limit, the abnormities can be defined that reflect the information of oil and gas. (3)Ignoring the construction of the work team working for geochemical exploration. The work team should be a group in which professionals from various fields work in a good synergy. However for a long time past, the development of this technique has been restricted and also the credit of this technique injured, due to the fact that some non professional groups have low technical competence and poor comprehensive research abilities.(4)Ignoring geological survey. Fieldwork is poor in quality. People were impatient for seeking partial and mineral caused abnormities in works for the first time. Besides, methods for data processing and defining abnormities are very single, etc.,these are the important reasons of reducing the confidence level of achievements. Geochemical exploration is techniques and methods with scientific basis and developing potentiality. Some problems that influence its development above mentioned are mostly produced under the circumstances of non serial competition and out of control; it should not to attribute all problems to the technique itself. Petroleum geochemical exploration technique is a method that has scientific basis and great potentialities, it will certainly develop healthily and rapidly if the unhealthy tendencies above mentioned are checked up.