父母及家庭环境因素对中小学生饮食行为的影响

Family factors influencing dietary behavior of primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou city

目的 了解父母及家庭对中小学生饮食行为的影响情况 ,发现存在的问题 ,以便采取有效的干预措施。方法 用三阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取样本 15 39个学生 -家长对 ,通过问卷调查收集资料。结果 在进餐时 ,父母经常提示和强迫孩子食用他们认为有营养食物的比例分别为 5 6 .0 %和 7.7% ,而孩子经常服从父母要求的比例分别为 39.7%和 2 9.2 %。在餐桌旁 ,父母经常和有时教育批评孩子的比例分别为 14.8%和 2 7.5 % ,孩子因被批评而吃不下饭和勉强吃一点的比例分别为 5 .9%和 19.3%。经常边吃饭边看电视的比例为 42 .3% ,因看电视而对进餐影响较大的比例为 39.4%。结论 父母及家庭环境对中小学生的饮食行为有相当大的影响 ,加强对父母及中小学生的饮食行为教育很有必要。

Objective The purpose of the study was to explore influence of family factors on dietary behavior of primary and secondary students in Guangzhou city, in order to provide suggestions for intervention of dietary behavior. Methods The study population included 1 539 student parents pairs selected from Guangzhou city by using the method of stratified multistage cluster random sampling, and data were collected through questionnaires. Results The ratio of parents who often reminded and forced their children to eat some food they thought of as nutrition were 56.0% and 7.7%, and 39.7%, 29.2% of children complied with their parents, respectively. At dinner, 14.8% and 27.5% of parents often and sometimes criticized their children, and the ratio of children couldn't eat anything and only eat a little food were 5.9%,19.3%, respectively. Forty two point three of primary and secondary school students watched television when they had a dinner, which made 39.4% of students not eat seriously. Conclusions Dietary behavior of primary and secondary school students is influenced strongly by their parents and family environment, it is necessary for parents and themselves to grasp enough nutritional knowledge.