控制我国海洋捕捞强度所面临的问题与对策探讨

Discussion on problems and countermeasures of controlling the fishing intensity of Chinese marine fisheries

削减过剩的捕捞能力已成为世界渔业管理面临的一大任务。 5 0年代以后我国的海洋捕捞强度迅速增长 ,主要是 :捕捞效率高的渔具渔法迅速增长 ,海洋机动渔船数量和功率膨胀 ,渔民数量迅速上升。为控制捕捞强度 ,我国逐步采用了一些渔业管理措施 ,然而效果不明显。本文将从以下几方面分析我国控制海洋捕捞强度所面临的问题 :1、我国渔业管理措施的局限性 ;2、渔区产业结构单一 ;3、大量“非渔业劳动力”入渔。为解决以上问题 ,本文提出了以下几点建议 :1、调整渔业产业结构 ;2、严格执行国家海洋捕捞强度控制指标 ;3、实施渔船报废制度与赎买计划 ;4、加快实施捕捞限额制度 ;5。

It is an important task for the world to reduce the excessive fishing capacity. Since the 1950s, the marine fishing intensity of China has been expanding, especially,in terms of rapid increase of fishing gear and methods for high productivity, expansion of powered fishing vessels in quantity and power, continuous increase of fishermen in quantity. China has undertaken some measures to restrict the fishing intensity. However, the result is unsatisfactory. This paper discusses and analyses the factors that affect the efficiency of these measures, then puts forward some suggestions: 1. Adjust the structure of fishery industry; 2. Implement the guide line of restricting fishing intensity seriously; 3.Carry out scrap and buy back scheme of fishing vessels; 4. Limit the total allowable catch; 5. Constitute community organization for fishermen to implement fishery management by themselves.