干旱区苹果园的田间耗水状况探析

Test of water consumption in apple orchard in arid areas

1999- 2 0 0 0年对干旱区 5～ 6年生苹果园生长期实际土壤蒸发量和叶片蒸腾量进行了田间测定分析 .结果表明 ,在较干旱的气候环境条件下 ,5～ 10月间单株成龄果树的耗水量约为 8 5t,其中土壤蒸发量占 99%以上 .实际灌水量仅为 6 3t.差额水量的补充则来自于降雨、土壤水分移动和深层根系的吸水作用 .干旱区果园 6 0cm土层湿度达 6 5 %左右时为凋萎湿度 ,田间持水量控制在 70 %左右 。

In 1999-2000 field test was conducted on soil evaporation and the leaf transpiration of 5～6 years old apple tree arid area orchard and the result are as follows: under a dry climate environment, the water consumption of adult apple tree during May October is about 8.5 t, among which, more than 99% is soil evaporation. The actual irrigation water is about 6.3 t; the water difference is supplied by rainfall,soil moisture migration and water absorption of deep root. It will reach the wither moistrue when the soil moistrue standard at 60 cm depth of arid area apple orchard is about 6.5%. It won't affect the normal growth of the trees when soil moisture is kept about 70% of maximum field moistrue capacity.