1B/1R易位型小麦雄性不育系孤雌生殖性的细胞遗传学研究

Cytogenetic Studies on Parthenogenesis of 1B/1R Wheat Male Sterile Lines

以偏、粘、易型 5个 1 B/1 R小麦雄性不育系为基本材料 ,用中国春二体 ,1 B°1 D 缺四体和 1 B重双端体作父本与其杂交 ,以研究这几类异质 1 B/1 R不育系产生单倍体的特性 ;同时利用细胞遗传学方法分析了关键性染色体 1 B/1 R的特征。结果表明 :5个不育系的 1 BL/1 RS易位染色体的易位断点均发生在着丝点附近 ;1 B/1 R型小麦雄性不育系单倍体频率的变化是三种细胞质与不同的 1 B/1 R不育系互作的结果 ;来源不同的异质 1 B/1 R型小麦雄性不育系及其 F1产生单倍体频率的差异及稳定性与 1 B/1 R染色体上 1 RS片段的长度有对应性关系。

Five alloplasmic male sterile lines of 1B/1R wheat with Aeilops kotschyi, Ae. variabilis and Ae. ventricosa cytoplasms were crossed with Chinese spring wheat having 21″, 20″+t″ 1BL +t″ 1BS and 19″+1B°1D Ⅳ , and the characteristic of 1B/1R translocation chromosome was studied by using satellite identification and terminal body analysis. It is found that 1BS chromosomes were substituted by 1R chromosome of rye in their centromere. The change of haploid of 1B/1R wheat male sterile lines was the result that alloplasmic and 1B/1R chromosome interactive in CMS. The differences of haploid frequency of alloplasmic 1B/1R wheat male sterile lines were related to the length of 1RS.