赛义德后殖民理论对福柯和德里达理论的借鉴

Foucault and Derrida: Said's Inspirations for his Postcolonial Theory

赛义德的后殖民理论主要包括对东方学的剖析、对话语革命策略的探索 ,以及对未来理想文化蓝图的建构。在这几个方面 ,赛义德分别借鉴了福柯和德里达的有关理论。他用福柯的知识与权力关系理论来剖析东方学 ,揭示东方学的实质是东方主义、文化霸权主义或霸权话语 ;用福柯的权力与反抗关系理论来探索话语革命的策略 ,指出消解话语霸权的方式是争夺话语权 ;用德里达的延异理论来建构未来理想的文化蓝图 。

Said, in his postcolonial theory, analyzes and discusses, among other things, orientalism, strategies of discursive revolutions, and a blueprint for a n ideal culture. For these theoretical contributions, Foucault and Derrida are b elieved to be Said's inspirations. He drew on Foucault's theory of knowledge-pow er relations to analyze orientalism, revealing that orientalist philosophies and cultural hegemonism (hegemonic discourse) constitute the essence of orientalism . Said utilizes Foucault's theory of power-revolt relations to discuss strategie s of discursive revolutions, pointing out that an effective way to dispel discur sive hegemony is to struggle for the power of discourse. Finally, he uses Derrid a's theory of différance to construct a blueprint for an ideal culture in the future, proposing a theory of hybridized cultures as free games.